13 Aralık — Tarihte Bugün

1949

Knesset

The Knesset votes to move the capital of Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.

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1943

Kalavryta massacre

World War II: The Massacre of Kalavryta by German occupying forces in Greece.

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1939

Battle of the River Plate

The Battle of the River Plate is fought off the coast of Uruguay; the first naval battle of World War II. The Kriegsmarine's Deutschland-class cruiser (pocket battleship) Admiral Graf Spee engages with three Royal Navy cruisers: HMS Ajax, HMNZS Achilles and HMS Exeter.

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1938

The Holocaust

The Holocaust: The Neuengamme concentration camp opens in the Bergedorf district of Hamburg, Germany.

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1937

Second Sino-Japanese War

Second Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Nanking: The city of Nanjing, defended by the National Revolutionary Army under the command of General Tang Shengzhi, falls to the Japanese. This is followed by the Nanking Massacre, in which Japanese troops rape and slaughter hundreds of thousands of civilians.

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1864

Sherman's March to the Sea

American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: The Second Battle of Fort McAllister ends with the fort being seized by Union forces under General William B. Hazen, threatening the city of Savannah with investment.

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1862

American Civil War

American Civil War: At the Battle of Fredericksburg, Confederate General Robert E. Lee repulses attacks by Union Major General Ambrose Burnside on Marye's Heights, inflicting heavy casualties.

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1818

Cyril VI of Constantinople

Cyril VI of Constantinople resigns from his position as Ecumenical Patriarch under pressure from the Ottoman Empire.

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1769

Dartmouth College

Dartmouth College is founded by the Reverend Eleazar Wheelock, with a royal charter from King George III, on land donated by Royal governor John Wentworth.

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1758

Duke William (ship)

The English transport ship Duke William sinks in the North Atlantic, killing over 360 people.

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